Addressing Inequalities in the Music Industry before, during, and after COVID-19: The Campaigning Work of the UK's Independent Society of Musicians

This chapter explores the work of the UK's Independent Society of Musicians (ISM) in tackling inequalities within the classical music industry and the wider music sector. It offers a brief outline of research into existing inequalities, before focusing on the ISM's work to address equality and diversity through the Dignity at Work campaign. The campaign was launched in 2017 and has produced three reports that explore the prevalence of discrimination within the music sector: Dignity at Work, Dignity in Study (produced jointly with the Musicians' Union and Equity), and Dignity at Work 2: Discrimination in the music sector. The chapter then examines the effect of the pandemic upon musicians, many of whom were self-employed and whose livelihoods were negatively affected by the measures introduced by the government to curb the spread of COVID-19;and how the ISM's campaigning work evolved through the pandemic to include calls for improved support for musicians financially and to help them return to performing. © Oxford University Press 2023. All rights reserved.

"A Community of 30,000 Musicians behind You”: An interview with John Shortell from the UK Musicians' Union

In this chapter, editor Anna Bull interviews John Shortell, head of equality, diversity, and inclusion at the UK Musicians' Union [MU], about the MU's work. In the interview, John describes the MU's organizing structures and campaigning work on inequalities in the music industry. He then describes the strategies used by the MU to create a more representative internal structure. A detailed account is presented of two campaign areas: inclusion strategies for disabled musicians such as encouraging employers to routinely use "access riders,” and the Safe Space campaign around sexual harassment in the music industry. The ways in which the classical music industry needs to adapt to these issues is explored. The interview also includes discussion of poor practice of EDI (equality, diversity, and inclusion) in the music industry, as well as the challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic for diversity work. © Oxford University Press 2023. All rights reserved.

The sexual and gender-based violence epidemic meets the COVID-19 pandemic: survivors' and advocates' narratives in Egypt

This research traces activism over the last 30 years against sexual and gender-based violence with a focus on survivors' and advocates' narratives in Egypt. We argue that several focusing events in Egypt and the support of transnational advocacy networks over the last decades have galvanised the efforts of activists and citizens of good will to mobilise around these issues. Egyptian feminist mobilisation during the pandemic brought to the public sphere the untold stories of the forms of violence that occurred through online and social media platforms. While social media and other online tools hold the promise of becoming "a new public sphere” for social movements, the current political atmosphere still has low tolerance for dissent both offline and online. However, the new generation of feminist activists have showed strength in facing difficult social and political challenges which gives hope for future social movement mobilisation on the horizon.

The Importance of Context: Describing the Who, Where, and How of Technology-Facilitated Sexual Harassment

Many of the pervasive problems that women historically faced in person, such as sexual harassment, can now follow them everywhere through technology. The purpose of this study was to address contextual gaps in the literature about women's experiences of technology-facilitated sexual harassment (TFSH). Specifically, information about perpetrator and platform types, location, percentage of time experienced, and COVID-19 experiences were captured. Canadian women (N = 481) were recruited through a course credit system and online advertisements. Results indicated the public, private, and chronic nature of TFSH. Furthermore, social media and dating applications were identified as commonly occurring places for TFSH, with strangers and acquaintances often being reported as perpetrators. This research may help to inform future research and prevention strategies for TFSH.Copyright © 2023 Taylor & Francis.

Unsolicited Sexts and Unwanted Requests for Sexts: Reflecting on the Online Sexual Harassment of Youth

The purpose of this qualitative study was to obtain youth perspectives on consensual and non-consensual sexting. We began this study on young people's (12–19) sexting practices in a large urban center. Before the study was put on pause due to COVID-19 physical distancing measures, we conducted 12 focus groups with 62 participants (47 girls, 15 boys). A key finding was that many girls had received unsolicited sexts (e.g., "dick pics”) or unwanted requests for sexts. Analysis revealed four interconnected themes: (1) unsolicited sexts;(2) unwanted requests for sexts;(3) complexity associated with saying "no”;and (4) general lack of adult support. Using our findings from before COVID-19, we discuss the potential impact of COVID-19 on teens' sexting experiences and outline the ways in which social workers and other mental health practitioners can support adolescents and their parents in navigating this new context of sexting during and beyond the global pandemic.

Exclusionary Behaviors Reinforce Historical Biases and Contribute to Loss of Talent in the Earth Sciences

Geosciences remain one of the least diverse fields. Efforts to diversify the discipline need to address the role of hostile and exclusionary work and learning environments. A workplace climate survey distributed to five professional organizations illustrates varied experiences of earth and space scientists over a 12-month period (pre-COVID). A majority experienced positive interactions in the workplace. However, scientists of color, women and non-binary individuals, scientists with disabilities, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, pansexual, and asexual (LGBQPA+) scientists more frequently experienced negative interactions, including interpersonal mistreatment, discriminatory language, and sexual harassment. Geoscientists of color were more likely to experience devaluation of their work than white scientists. More than half of women and non-binary respondents, as well as those who identify as LGBQPA+ experienced identity-based discriminatory remarks. Disabled geoscientists were more likely to hear negative identity-based language than those who did not disclose a disability. Overall, 14% of all respondents experienced sexual harassment in the previous year. Rates were greatest for historically excluded groups: non-binary (51%), LGBQPA+ (33%), disabled (26%), women (20%), and geoscientists of color (17%). A majority of geoscientists reported avoiding their colleagues and almost a third considered leaving their institution or a career change. Historically excluded groups were more likely to report opting out of professional activities with potential career consequences. To address continued exclusion and low retention in the earth and space sciences, recruitment is not enough. We need to create environments that ensure opportunities for all to thrive.

Violence Against Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic In India

Purpose: The violence against healthcare workers is one of the world's serious public health and patient care challenges. This is often exacerbated during emergencies, and the same has been observed during COVID-19. Method(s): The study reported an analysis of media reports during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic from India. We searched and analysed violent incidents against healthcare workers reported in English & Hindi online media. Our media analysis also reported perpetrators and triggers to mitigate violence against healthcare workers. Finding(s): We studied 51 incidents of violence, during March 2020-August 2021, as per our inclusion criteria. The majority of this reported violence occurred from the government hospitals (45.1%), followed by the community (29.4%), private hospitals (19.6%), quarantine facilities (4.0%), and burial grounds (1.9%). Doctors were targeted in the majority (82.3%), followed by other hospital staff (security and support) (33.3%), nurses (9.8%), ANMs (3.9%), and ASHA (2.0%). The majority of reported incidents were related to physical violence (58.9%), followed by verbal and physical combined (23.5%), sexual harassment (9.8%), and verbal (7.8%). The preparators of violence were family members (53.0%), community (31.4%), police officials (7.8%), and patients (7.8%). Conclusion(s): The actions required to mitigate the violence against healthcare workers require a multipronged approach with the introduction of strict policy measures and their implementation. The mandatory training of healthcare workers in soft and communication skills, protection, and coping mechanisms to prevent and de-escalate such incidents.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Technology-Facilitated Sexual Violence Victimization during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Behaviors and Attitudes

Despite the growing attention to Technology-Facilitated Sexual Violence (TFSV) experienced by adults, this is still an underexplored topic. This study involved a sample of 289 adults (aged 18 to 56), focusing on reported indicators of TFSV in a year dominated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Reports of TFSV victimization were analyzed using an existing 21-item scale that encompassed four TFSV dimensions: i) digital sexual harassment;ii) image-based sexual abuse (IBSA);iii) sexual aggression and/or coercion;and iv) gender and/or sexuality-based harassment. While examining the experience of one or more TFSV behaviors by independent socio-demographic variables (e.g., gender, age, or sexuality), the results showed that women were significantly more likely than men to report several forms of sexual harassment victimization. LGB+-identifying adults were significantly more likely than heterosexual-identifying respondents to report 11 behaviors from the used TFSV victimization scale. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, many types of violence against women and the LGBT+ community have been intensified, and this study indicates TFSV as no exception to that. The results show gendered patterns in online sexual victimization, as well as in the nature of TFSV. These findings indicate the importance of considering additional institutional measures to prevent this phenomenon.Copyright © 2022 Taylor & Francis.

The sexual and gender-based violence epidemic meets the COVID-19 pandemic: survivors' and advocates' narratives in Egypt

This research traces activism over the last 30 years against sexual and gender-based violence with a focus on survivors' and advocates' narratives in Egypt. We argue that several focusing events in Egypt and the support of transnational advocacy networks over the last decades have galvanised the efforts of activists and citizens of good will to mobilise around these issues. Egyptian feminist mobilisation during the pandemic brought to the public sphere the untold stories of the forms of violence that occurred through online and social media platforms. While social media and other online tools hold the promise of becoming "a new public sphere" for social movements, the current political atmosphere still has low tolerance for dissent both offline and online. However, the new generation of feminist activists have showed strength in facing difficult social and political challenges which gives hope for future social movement mobilisation on the horizon.

The associations of everyday and major discrimination exposure with violence and poor mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Research on discrimination and risks for violence and mental health issues under the pandemic is notably absent. We examined the relative effects of perceived everyday discrimination (e.g., poorer service, disrespectful treatment in a typical week) and major experiences of race-based discrimination (e.g., racial/ethnic discrimination in housing or employment at any point in the lifetime) on experiences of violence and the PHQ-4 assessment of symptoms of depression and anxiety under the pandemic. We analyzed state-representative cross-sectional survey data from California adults (N = 2114) collected in March 2021. We conducted multivariate regression models adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, gender, sexual identity, income, and disability. One in four Californians (26.1%) experienced everyday discrimination in public spaces, due most often to race/ethnicity and gender. We found that everyday discrimination was significantly associated with past year physical violence (single form Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 5.0, 95% CI 2.5-10.3; multiple forms AOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1-5.8), past year sexual violence (multiple forms AOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.4), and mental health symptoms (e.g., severe symptoms, multiple forms AOR 3.3, 95% CI 1.6-6.7). Major experiences of race-based discrimination (reported by 10.0% of Californians) were associated with past year sexual violence (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.8) and severe mental health symptoms (AOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-6.2). Non-race-based major discrimination (reported by 23.9% of Californians) was also associated with violence and mental health outcomes Everyday discrimination, more than major experiences of discrimination, was associated with higher risk for violence and poor mental health outcomes during the pandemic. Non-race-based forms of major discrimination independently were also associated with these negative outcomes. Findings indicate that efforts to reduce and ultimately eliminate discrimination should be a focus of public health and COVID-19 rebuilding efforts.

Not Your Fetish: Broaching Racialized Sexual Harassment Against Asian Women

Asian women's paradoxical position of hypervisbility and invisibility is a result of society caricaturing and fetishizing their sexuality and bodies while simultaneously denying their humanity and personhood. Despite the long history of objectification and fetishization of Asian women in the United States, extant mental health counseling training programs and literature offer limited guidance to counselors on this concern, perpetuating an epistemic lapse in mental health counselors' competency. With rising anti-Asian hate, the racialized COVID-19 pandemic, and anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States, there exist increased threats to Asian women's mental health. Responding to a paucity of counseling literature, this article offers strategies grounded in the multidimensional model of broaching behavior to broach racialized sexual harassment experienced by Asian women. Implications for counselor training and future research are also offered. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Mental Health Counseling is the property of American Mental Health Counselors Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Prevalence of sexual harassment among young Spaniards before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown period in Spain.

BACKGROUND: Sexual harassment is a type of coercion, including social pressure, intimidation, physical force, and verbal acts, in addition to other forms such as cyber-harassment, recognized as a major important public health problem. METHODS: This cross-sectional study, based on a survey administered online to men and women aged 18 to 35 years and living in Spain throughout 15th and 28th October 2020, aims to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with sexual harassment among young people in Spain within the last 12 months, particularly according to the COVID-19 lockdown period. It has been conducted by bivariate analysis and robust Poisson regression models. The final sample includes 2.515 participants. RESULTS: The results indicate that women were almost twice as likely as men to experience sexual harassment (49% vs 22.2%). Also, among heterosexual men and women, the estimated prevalence was lower concerning that observed among bisexuals, gays, and lesbians (31.5% vs 53, 39.2, and 34.6% respectively). The prevalence percentage in the 18-24 age group was twice high as that observed in the 30-35 age group. Finally, during the lockdown period, the harassment through electronic channels increased (32.6% vs 16.5 and 17.8% before and after this period, respectively) and decreased on public roads (22.9% vs 63.4 and 54.4% pre-lockdown and post-lockdown periods, respectively). CONCLUSION: These findings highlight that sexual harassment presents a high prevalence among young people, especially cyber-harassment, and workplace harassment and it is important to be aware that young women are more likely to suffer harassment and even more if they do not have a partner or have LGB orientation. During the lockdown sexual harassment has moved from public spaces to the social network.

#MeToo in South Korea: Public Health Meets a Global Movement

Eleven years later, in 2017, #MeToo went viral in response to sexual assault allegations against director Harvey Weinstein.1 Across the world, individuals shared their stories of experiencing gender-based violence and harassment;as of December 2019, the hashtag had more than 24 million impressions.1 Sexual violence is not regularly framed as a social determinant of health, even though the literature linking sexual violence to mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and eating disorders is abundant.2 The momentum resulting from #MeToo prompted a larger question: could a global social movement potentially play a role in improving mental health outcomes for victims of gender-based violence? In 2018, the South Korean government increased both maximum sentence time and the statute of limitations for sexual harassment and sex crimes involving abuse of power.4 However, some of the discourse surrounding #MeToo in South Korea has received pushback and spurred support for men's rights groups.5 #MeToo AS A FAVORABLE HEALTH EXPOSURE The authors' findings suggest that the #MeToo movement had a beneficial effect on depressive symptoms among female survivors of gender-based violence. Social stigma remains a key driver in normalizing sexual violence, potentially lowering reporting rates;it has also been shown to worsen mental health disorders that result from gender-based violence.8 Encouraging discourse and acknowledging the issue's prevalence could have an impact on both the isolation and lack of support survivors typically experience.

Reflections on Online Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Vignettes from an Indian Classroom

[...]more often than not, teachers had little or no means of accessing the visual cues of students' reactions and modulating the tone of the discussion accordingly. Despite my personal dislike for many aspects of the film, I believed it would serve as a useful point of discussion about issues such as the appropriateness of the timing of the film's release, the film's conceptions of feminism as a rabid movement of mob-justice, and issues concerning sexual harassment. Some argued that the casting couch was to blame, and yet others mentioned in their essays that it was unfortunate that justice was not always served, but that the law was all we had.

Literature and Insights Editorial

How do you genuinely show that you care about the elderly, management of COVID-19 vaccinations, education, funding for the arts, healthcare, remediation after fire and flood, Indigenous representation, pork-barrelling, establishing an Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC), unemployment and how it is measured, sexual harassment in the corridors of power and workplaces elsewhere, domestic violence, homelessness, the environment, destruction of native animal habitats, the National Disability Scheme (NDIS), climate policy, rorts and much more? “Guilty Me!” by MD Shoaib Ahmed deals, as he has said, with “the precarity of workers in the global supply chains of fast fashion, cocoa farming, and coffee production around the world”. Creative writing in the form of poetry and short prose pieces is edited for the Literature and Insights Section only and does not undergo the refereeing procedures required for all research papers published in the main body of AAAJ.

Female Labour Force Participation and the Economic Development in Egypt

Economic literature highlights the vital role that women can play in enhancing the economic development of nations. However, there is still gender inequality in developing countries, especially in education and labour market participation. Although women represent nearly half of the population in Egypt, their labour force participation rate is still very low compared to men. This paper's primary goal is to investigate the short and long-run associations between female labour force participation and Egypt's GDP growth rate. The study used annual time series data from 1990-2019, where the vector error correction model (VECM) was employed. The study found that female labour force participation and the gross fixed capital formation growth rate can enhance the GDP growth rate in the long run. Nevertheless, there is no statistically significant relationship in the short run. This paper's main recommendations are that the Egyptian government needs to implement policies that encourage women's labour force participation and decrease gender inequality. These policies could be changes in legislation, modernization of social norms, Job flexibility, and increasing access to childcare. Moreover, they need to focus on both the demand and supply sides of the quality of female labour force participation by matching the women 's education with the creation of suitable jobs.

Remote work, sexual harassment, and worker well-being: A study of the United States and India

Workplace sexual harassment is a serious occupational hazard, adversely affecting workers' employment trajectories, economic well-being, and mental and physical health. Prior to COVID-19, it was widespread and primarily perpetrated by men against women, both in the physical workplace and physical and virtual public spaces associated with work. This chapter examines how the transition to remote work has effected changes in the prevalence and types of sexual harassment, paying attention to its gendered nature. Remote work holds both promise and peril. While exposure to physical harassment has fallen, information and communications technology has increased the risk of sexual harassment in virtual spaces. The cases of the United States and India are explored in more detail to compare worker experiences across the Global North and Global South, in countries with vastly different socioeconomic structures. This chapter contributes to the understanding of the benefits and challenges of remote work in combatting sexual harassment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

'It's not a big deal': customer misbehaviour and social washing in hospitality

Purpose This study aims to examine customer misbehaviour in the hospitality sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach The study draws on a cross-sectional survey of employees in the Scottish hospitality sector highlighting customer misbehaviour as a key concern during the pandemic. Prevalent types of abuse and harassment experienced are outlined along with employee and management responses to incidents of misbehaviour. Findings Verbal abuse and sexual harassment from customers are the most prevalent types of misbehaviour either experienced or witnessed by respondents. Customer misbehaviour is commonly thought of as "part of the job" and therefore "not a big deal". Managers, largely, expect workers to tolerate abusive behaviours from customers and do not take reports of incidents seriously. Practical implications Transformational managers need to foster workplace well-being with a focus on physical and psychological safety. Recognition of the issue and greater support for victims are furthermore required at an industry level and on the policy front. Social implications The research points to an uncomfortable reality in the service economy that needs to be confronted by society. It has, therefore, important implications for key stakeholders in ensuring fair, dignified and safe hospitality workplaces. Originality/value Customer misbehaviour is reportedly worsening in times of COVID-19 as demonstrated by this study. Despite rhetoric that abuse and harassment are not tolerated, dismissive attitudes from managers - who expect workers to tolerate abusive behaviour - and employee silence about incidents lead the authors to argue that the failure to acknowledge and address this issue constitutes a form of "social washing" in hospitality.

Ballar al carrer com a empoderament feminista. El discurs coreogràfic dels col·lectius Bellywarda i L'Armée des Roses

La reivindicado dels cossos femenins a l'espai public és una constant en els moviments socials feministes. Ja sigui ocupant els carrers en protesta pels drets i la igualtat de les dones, contra l'assetjament sexual i la violació o involucrat en altres manifestacions socials, el paper del cos femení a l'espai públic vehiculant un missatge social és reivindicat per artistes de totes les disciplines. En el camp de la dansa, algunes companyies actuen expressament en espais públics amb l'objectiu precís de conquerir-lo com a escenari per visibilitzar els cossos femenins, destacant-ne la diversitat i reclamant més igualtat i llibertat. A través d'entrevistes collectives, analitzem el discurs coreografic dels col·lectius Bellywarda (FatChanceBellyDance©) i L'Armée des Roses (cancan), dues companyies franceses compromeses amb la difusió del feminisme al carrer. Amb l'objectiu d'estudiar ľapropiació de l'espai urba, la interacció i recepció amb el públic, els vincles socials entre ballarines i la transmissio dels valors feministes, hem abordat l'observació de la dansa i les entrevistes des de la sociologia de les emocions, la fenomenologia dels espais urbans i els estudis de dones. El context de pandemia no ens ha permès fer una observació de la recepció del públic al carrer, però hem pogut abordar amb elles la situació a França de la dansa, considerada com a «bé cultural no essencial», amb la prohibició de la realització d'activitats culturals durant el segon confinament, moment en quě es realitza aquest estudi.Alternate :The reaffirmation of female bodies in public spaces is a constant in feminist social movements. Indeed, the role of the female body in public spaces and conveying a social message is vindicated by artists from all disciplines, whether by occupying the streets in protest of unequal women's rights and equality or sexual harassment and rape, or in other social demonstrations. In the field of dance, some companies perform expressly in public spaces with the precise aim of conquering these arenas as a stage to visibilise female bodies, highlighting their diversity and demanding more equality and freedom. In this article, we use collective interviews with two French companies committed to promoting feminism in the streets Bellywarda (FatChanceBellyDance©) and L'Armée des Roses (performing the cancan), to analyse the choreographic discourse related to this concept. We aimed to study the appropriation of public spaces, interactions with the public at large and their reception of these performances, social links between dancers, and the transmission of feminist values. Observation of these dances and the interview outcomes was addressed from the perspectives of the sociology of emotions, phenomenology of urban spaces, and women's studies. The context of the COVID-19 pandemic prevented us from examining the public reception of these street actions, but we were able to discuss the current situation in France in which dance is considered a 'non-essential cultural asset' during the second lockdown, when this research takes place.

Empowered, Yet Vulnerable: Motives for Sport Participation, Health Correlates, and Experience of Sexual Harassment in Female Combat-Sport Athletes.

BACKGROUND: To explore motives for combat sport participation, weight regulation practices, symptoms of low energy availability (LEA), disordered eating (DE) or eating disorders (ED), and any experiences with sexual harassment (SH) among female combat-sport athletes. METHODS: In total, 29 athletes were recruited by social media and in clubs. Participants responded to a questionnaire on health behavior and mental health and completed diet registration and a DXA-scan. RESULTS: Most athletes started combat sports to feel empowered and experienced an inclusive milieu, but the frequency of health issues was high. A total of 21-67% had symptoms of ED, suffered from injuries, had low site-specific BMD, and/or symptoms of LEA. Athletes had insufficient intake of energy and nutrients, and <50% received any dietary information or guidance from their clubs. Most athletes complied with favorable weight-loss strategies; still, >20% used unfavorable methods and rapid weight-loss periods. A total of 70% of the athletes had experienced SH, of which 41% experienced SH within the combat-sport context. CONCLUSION: Combat sport offers an inclusive milieu, which may increase women's health and confidence; still, our results indicates a need for actions to safeguard female combat-sport athletes' mental and physical health, implying a cultural change within the community of combat sport and a need for increased health and nutrition literacy.